10.1. Features of a design

On the car use electric equipment of a direct current with a rated voltage of 12 V. Electric equipment of the car is executed according to the single-wire scheme: negative conclusions of sources and consumers of the electric power are connected to "weight" which performs function of the second wire. In turn, the role of "weight" carries out a car body. Food of consumers is carried out from the rechargeable battery (at the idle engine) and the generator (at the working engine).
Schemes of electric equipment of the car are provided in the end of the book.

Preventions
You carry out any works with electric equipment of the car only at the switched-off rechargeable battery.
It is possible to disconnect or connect the rechargeable battery only at the switched-off ignition.
When checking chains of electric equipment it is forbidden to close on "mass" of a wire (to check serviceability of chains "for a spark") as it can lead to failure of elements of electric equipment.
It is forbidden to apply the safety locks which are not provided by a design of the car or calculated on bigger current and also to use a wire instead of safety locks.
When replacing safety locks it is forbidden to use screw-drivers and metal tools — it can cause short circuit in electric equipment chains.
It is forbidden to disconnect the rechargeable battery on the working engine, violation of this rule will become the reason of failure of the regulator of tension and elements of the electronic equipment of the car.
In order to avoid failure of diodes of the vypryamitelny block of the generator it is forbidden to check them the megohm meter or the control lamp fed more than 12 V and also to check such devices of a chain of electric equipment on the car without detachment of wires from the generator.
It is necessary to check the increased tension resistance of isolation of a winding of the stator of the generator on the generator removed from the car at the stator winding conclusions disconnected from the vypryamitelny block.
When carrying out electrowelding works on the car it is necessary to disconnect wires from plugs of the rechargeable battery and the generator, and also a block with wires from an electronic control unit the engine.
Do not concern elements of system of ignition and high-voltage wires on the working engine.
Do not lay a wire of low voltage in one plait with high-voltage wires.
Regularly clear plugs of the rechargeable battery and tips of wires of oxides and dirt.
At recharge of the rechargeable battery by means of the charger disconnect wires from battery plugs.